Global Advanced Research Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences (GARJMMS) ISSN: 2315-5159
October 2015 Vol. 4(10), pp. 441-448
Copyright © 2015 Global Advanced Research Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Brain Serotonergic Disturbances Caused by Diabetes Mellitus are not Reversed by Insulin Treatment
Gabriel Manjarrez-Gutiérrez1,2*, Teresa Neri-Gómez1, Rocío Herrera-Márquez1, José Antonio Mondragón-Herrera1, Alfonso Boyzo-Montes de Oca3 and Jorge Hernandez-Rodríguez3
1Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Cardiology Hospital, National Medical Center (CMN-SXXI), Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
2Medical Research Unit in Neurological Diseases, Specialties Hospital, CMN-SXXI, IMSS, México, DF, México
3Laboratory of Neurontogeny, Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neurosciences, Center of Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV) IPN, Mexico City, Mexico.
*Corresponding Author E-mail: willisga@prodigy.net.mx, gmanjarrezg@gmail.com; Phone: (+52) (55) 56276900, Ext. 22156; Fax: (+52) (55) 55780240;
Accepted 05 October 2015
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine whether changes in the kinetics and the capacity of phosphorylation of the tryptophan-5-hydroxylase (TPH) in diabetic rats are normalized with insulin, or if there are changes in expressions of TPH1 or TPH2 as mechanisms that explain the chronic inhibition of the biosynthesis of brain 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT). A diabetic mellitus (DM) model was produced through the administration of streptozotocin and controls (STZ). After 7 days,the diabetic rats were divided into two subgroups. One group was treated with insulin and the other did not receive treatment. After 7, 14 and 21 days, the brainstem was removed to determine: L-tryptophan (L-Trp), 5-HT, TPH activity, by observing the kinetics and activation through phosphorylating conditions. Besides, the expressions of TPH1, TPH2 and TPH-phosphorylated–S19 (TPH2-PS-19) were assessed by Western blot. The diabetic rats had a decrease of L-Trp, 5-HT and TPH activity; a decrease of the Vmax and an increase in Km. They also showed less activation of the TPH by phosphorylation and a reduced expression of TPH1, TPH2 and TPH2-PS-19. Interestingly enough, all these changes are not normalized in the diabetic rats subgroup treated with insulin. A decrease in the synthesis of brain serotonin during the diabetic state was confirmed, due to changes in the kinetics and phosphorylation capacity of TPH and a decreased expression of TPH1, TPH2 and TPH2-PS-19, which did not return to normal levels with insulin. These findings support the fact that chronic inhibition of 5-HT biosynthesis resistant to insulin is due to the decrease of TPH’s expression and activity as a consequence of metabolic changes during the diabetic state.
Keywords: Brain, Diabetes mellitus, Insulin, Serotonin, Tryptophan-5-hydroxylase
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