Groundwater Chemistry from Bama and Konduga Local Government Areas, Northeastern Nigeria

Global Advanced Research Journal of Physical and Applied Sciences (GARJPAS)

September 2015 Vol. 4(1), pp. 072-079
Copyright © 2015 Global Advanced Research Journals

Original Research Paper

Groundwater Chemistry from Bama and Konduga Local Government Areas, Northeastern Nigeria

Alkali SC

Department of Geology, University of Maiduguri, P. M. B. 1069, Maiduguri, Nigeria

Email: samcrah@gmail.com, Tel: +2348069263114

Accepted 29 September, 2015

Abstract

Thirty groundwater samples were collected from boreholes in Bama and Konduga Local Government areas of Borno State, Northeastern Nigeria. The water was analyzed for pH, electrical conductivity, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, bicarbonate, chloride and sulphate using standard procedures. The water quality parameters were compared with the World Health Organization (WHO) and Standard Organization of Nigeria (SON) recommended and permissible limits for domestic purposes. Statistical analyses show all the parameters to be positively skewed, with the exception of magnesium ions in the groundwater from Bama that extends towards negative values. Also magnesium in the groundwater from Konduga is normally distributed around its mean. Mean cation and anion concentration values in the groundwater from Bama are Na>Ca>Mg>K and HCO₃>Cl>SO₄respectively and those from Konduga are Ca>Na>Mg>K and HCO₃>Cl>SO₄respectively. Comparative results with WHO and SON standards give concentration values of all the samples within acceptable limits, except on three and two potassium parameters from Bama and Konduga water wells respectively that failed the tests. This by implication suggests the suitability of the water for domestic uses. The results also show no direct relationship between pH and potassium, sodium and sulphate ions and among potassium and bicarbonate ions from Bama water. This is also true for potassium and bicarbonate water from Konduga as their statistical correlation values are zero.

Keywords: boreholes, domestic uses, Groundwater, skew, statistical correlation

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