Global Advanced Research Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences (GARJMMS) ISSN: 2315-5159
January 2019 Special Issue, Vol. 8(2), pp. 009-013
Copyright © 2019 Global Advanced Research Journals
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.2592039

Full Length Research Article

Facial Anthropometry of Adult Tiv and Idoma Tribes of Nigeria

Terkula Kpela¹*, Adebisi S.S.² and Danborno B.²

¹Department of Anatomy, College of Health Sciences, Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria.
²Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.

*Corresponding Author Email: kpelaterkula@gmail.com; Tel: +234 806 783 8483

Accepted 19 February, 2019 

Abstract

The facial indices are among the most important cephalometric parameters for ethnic morphological classification and categorization. This study was carried out to determine the facial index in the target population and compare it in both sexes and with result of other similar studies. The sample consisted of 600 youths aged 18-32 years. Data were collected through self-administered questionnaire to establish ethnic background. Facial length and facial breadth were measured using spreading calipers and facial index calculated according to standard formula. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS for windows version 20 (IBM Corporation, New York, USA). Statistical significance was considered at p ≤0.05. The mean facial length of Tiv was 10.3±0.63 cm and the mean facial breadth was 12.3±0.79 cm. The mean facial length of Idoma was 10.6±0.60 cm and the mean facial breadth was 12.5±0.76 cm. There was statistically significant mean difference in facial length and facial index between the two ethnic groups with Idoma having higher mean values (p<0.05). In addition, both ethnic groups exhibited sexual dimorphism with males having significantly higher mean values than females (p<0.05). The mean facial index of Tiv was 83.9±4.79 while that of Idoma was 85.2±5.66. Based on facial index, it was concluded that the face type in Tiv was mesoproscopic while the face type in Idoma was leptoproscopic.

Keywords: Anthropometry, facial index, mesoproscopic, leptoproscopic, Tiv and Idoma ethnic groups.

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