Global Advanced Research Journal of Microbiology (GARJM) ISSN: 2315-5116
November 2020 Vol. 9(5): pp. 069-072
Copyright © 2020 Global Advanced Research Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Epidemiology of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Its Resistance in Cameroon: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Yves Le Grand Napa Tchuedji¹, Hortense Gonsu Kamga^2,3, Emilia Lyonga Mbamyah²,Anicette Chafa Betbeui³,Francois-Xavier Etoa¹and Yap BoumII^4,5

¹Department of Microbiology, Laboratory of Microbiology, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.

²Department of Microbiology, Parasitology, Haematology and InfectiousDiseases, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I, Yaoundé, Cameroon

³Laboratory of Bacteriology, UniversityTeachingHospital, Yaounde, Cameroon.

⁴Epicenter Africa Research Centre, Yaoundé, Cameroon

Email: tchuedji@yahoo.fr

Accepted 10 November, 2020

Abstract

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a non-fermentative bacteria which present a rapid increase in the rates of infections across the world. Pseudomonas aeruginosa ranks third among the resistant bacteria responsible for nosocomial infections. Aim: To assess the distribution and evolution of resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Cameroon. Methods: We carried out a systematic review of the research publications that determined the resistance phenotypes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Cameroon. A meta-analysis of the data was carried out to synthesize the data on resistance phenotypes, their distribution and their evolution in Cameroon. Results: A considerable increase in resistance to ceftazidime, aztreonam, gentamycin and tobramycin between 2005 and 2011 was observed. In addition, an increase in resistance to imipenem was noted between 2011 and 2013. The city of Douala has a high frequency of Pseudomonas aeruginosa followed by Buea and Yaounde. Conclusion: Pseudomonas aeruginosa has a high frequency and resistance to several antibiotics in Cameroon. There is a need to continue surveillance in several hospitals and in several regions of Cameroon in order to implement policies and measures to fight infections and antibiotic resistance.

Keywords: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, resistance, antibiotics, epidemiology, clinical isolates..

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a non-fermentative bacteria which present a rapid increase in the rates of infections across the world. Pseudomonas aeruginosa ranks third among the resistant bacteria responsible for nosocomial infections. Aim: To assess the distribution and evolution of resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Cameroon. Methods: We carried out a systematic review of the research publications that determined the resistance phenotypes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Cameroon. A meta-analysis of the data was carried out to synthesize the data on resistance phenotypes, their distribution and their evolution in Cameroon. Results: A considerable increase in resistance to ceftazidime, aztreonam, gentamycin and tobramycin between 2005 and 2011 was observed. In addition, an increase in resistance to imipenem was noted between 2011 and 2013. The city of Douala has a high frequency of Pseudomonas aeruginosa followed by Buea and Yaounde. Conclusion: Pseudomonas aeruginosa has a high frequency and resistance to several antibiotics in Cameroon. There is a need to continue surveillance in several hospitals and in several regions of Cameroon in order to implement policies and measures to fight infections and antibiotic resistance.